Journal of Urban Environmental Management

Abstract Corrosion inhibitor is an suitable and economical method to control the corrosion of metals in acidic environments. In this regard, green corrosion inhibitors based on plant essential oils have received a lot of attention as a usable alternative to common synthetic corrosion inhibitors, which are mostly not environmentally friendly. The presence of active compounds in eucalyptus essential oil has made it a source of green inhibitors in steel corrosion control. In this study, the inhibitory performance of eucalyptus essential oil has been investigated by extracting essential oils using steam method, electrochemical tests and surface analysis methods. Therefore, eucalyptus leaf essential oil has been used as a green inhibitor in the corrosive environment of sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid to check the reduction of metal corrosion in this environment GC-Mass device was used to investigate the compounds present in the eucalyptus plant. The effect of steel corrosion inhibition by essential oils was investigated using weight measurement methods, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and absorption isotherms and the results of metal immersed in acid solution with different concentrations were compared in the absence of inhibitor. The results of the tests showed that this substance has a good performance as an inhibitor and the percentage of inhibition on steel corrosion will increase with increasing concentration. The absorption of eucalyptus essential oil on steel follows the absorption isotherm and the amount of free energy of absorption indicates the spontaneous absorption of this substance with the predominance of chemical absorption on the surface.

Abstract Evaluating the environmental and social effects of urban projects separately can never show the mutual effects of the environment and the social environment, in other words; At the same time that the environment affects the society, there is no escape from the effects of the society on itself, and vice versa. In this article; The social and environmental effects of the southernmost section of Imam Ali highway - the distance between Daulat Abad freeway and the Shahr Ray ring road and its uneven intersection with the Shahr Ray ring road - located in the 20th district of Tehran municipality, based on an integrated evaluation process with five stages of construction And the operation of the mentioned highway has been integrated. Also, environmental and social mutual effects using the innovative impact assessment matrix, based on the network analysis process in the form of Super Decision software and the Delphi method; And by presenting the social preference coefficient and the environmental preference coefficient, it has been estimated for all environmental and social parameters in both construction and operation phases of the mentioned project. Based on the comparison of the results obtained from the established matrix with the current matrices; by applying the above coefficients, it is possible to quantitatively estimate the mutual environmental and social effects of intervention measures and take a step towards achieving the goals of sustainable urban development.

Abstract Purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of education on people's performance in ‎the pre-crisis phase; which is practical in terms of purpose and with a quantitative approach.The ‎scope of the current research is in the field of crisis and earthquake management in the 20th ‎district of Tehran.Data collection was in the form of library and field studies, and the research ‎tool was a questionnaire with 5 components and 22 items.validity of the questionnaire was ‎confirmed using the opinions of university professors and municipal crisis management personnel ‎and the fire department.The reliability of the questionnaire according to the research variables ‎and using Cronbach's alpha was obtained as 0.76, 0.79 and 0.86 respectively.The data analysis ‎tool was examined using the Kolmogorov-Smironov test, and after the variables were normal, the ‎structural equation model of the Lisrel 8.8 software was used to analyze the research hypotheses. ‎According to the findings of the research, the teaching tool variable was ranked first with an ‎average of 4.22, and the functional variable of role perception was ranked second with an average ‎of 3.65.In the examination of the normality of the main variables of the educational tool, with ‎‎0.518, the highest level of significance was assigned to it.Also, the findings of the practical ‎analysis showed that the highest correlation coefficient was obtained in the educational tool with a ‎value of 0.744.The results showed that education improves people's performance against ‎earthquakes.Also, the change of human reaction to earthquakes with the passage of time is a ‎confirmation of the necessity of every citizen's preparation against earthquakes and it makes it ‎clear that rational planning, prevention and education can prevent future regrets.‎

Abstract The produced construction debris is always one of the crises after the earthquake in order to properly manage and dispose. According to global experiences, recycling construction debris caused by earthquakes is much more economical and environmentally friendly than using new materials. In this study, considering the city of Tehran, it has been tried to investigate possible scenarios for the recycling of construction waste produced based on decision-making and comparison criteria. In this regard, the TOPSIS decision-making model was used. Four scenarios were evaluated based on 10 review criteria according to experts. Also, using ArcGIS software, the potential distribution of construction waste production based on the urban population layer with the scale of localities has been determined and presented. According to the results of the scores that were collected, the most suitable model for the management of construction waste with the material recycling approach can be proposed. It is proposed to establish a site with a fixed location for the establishment of shredders, industrial mills, as well as special conveyor systems for the management of mineral recycling depots. Also, the other main unit of this complex, the metal material recovery unit, should also be located on the same site. According to the obtained results, recycling systems with fixed installation using sewage transfer to the site have been proposed for use in crisis conditions in Tehran.

Abstract One of the problems of management programs to control and reduce air pollution in Iran, especially in Tehran, is the lack of prioritization and the level of effectiveness of executive steps in order to focus human and financial resources. Therefore, step-by-step performance considering executive priority is a suitable solution to achieve this goal. Using the DPSIR framework in the SOE study of Tehran air pollution provides a systematic and comprehensive method to understand and address this critical issue. It not only helps in diagnosing the problem, but also in formulating and evaluating effective solutions, thereby contributing to the sustainable development of the city. The AHP-DPSIR hybrid model is a suitable model for finding the prioritization of environmental programs with a comprehensive and managerial approach, considering uncertainty with a hierarchical structure. In this study, responses to the improvement of pressure factors, stimulus, current situation and effects were investigated and compared in a hierarchical format, and at the end, their preference level was obtained. Development and improvement of public transportation, improvement of fuel quality, improvement of vehicle emission standard, technical examination of vehicle and finally urban traffic management were recognized as the implementation steps of Tehran's air pollution control and reduction program. The model developed in this study is suggested for use in similar cases, especially in developing countries that face the same management problem as Iran. This model has high flexibility and accuracy in prioritization with a comprehensive approach.

Abstract This study focuses on the flood the Sirch tourism area in the Kerman Province (SE Iran). This area is unique location in the margin of the Shahdad Area. This spectacular and natural area has been hated by abnormal drastic floods eventually every year. This study using 3D modeling and mapping based on the SRTM DEM and Landsat 8 images and compilation of morphology and geology to investigate the flood hazard in the studied area. The data set of this study have compiled and analyzed by GIS-AHP method. This study suggests that the main cause of the rapid and abnormal floods is the nature of the geological outcrops and the steep of the watershed. The flood hazard analysis also shows that the main Sirch village and tourism site locates in the most hazardous zone. The improvement of the plant cover and construction of flood breakers can control the flood hazard in this area.