Acid mine drainage is one of the most significant environmental consequences of mining activities and the accumulation of sulfide-bearing mine tailings. Owing to its high acidity and elevated concentrations of heavy metals, it poses a serious threat to water resources and surrounding ecosystems. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of an electrochemical process for the removal and recovery of copper from acid mine drainage generated at the Sungun Copper Mine, while simultaneously reducing the concentrations of other metallic contaminants. Experiments were conducted in a cubic Plexiglas reactor with a working volume of 1,100 mL using direct current. The actual acid mine drainage sample contained 134 mg/L of copper and 129 mg/L of aluminum. In the initial stage, the temperature, electrode spacing, reaction time, and applied voltage were maintained at 25 °C, 1 cm, 20 min, and 2.5 V, respectively. Under these conditions, a zinc anode and copper cathode were identified as the most effective electrode configuration. The dominant removal mechanisms included copper electrodeposition on the cathode surface, formation and precipitation of metal hydroxides, sweep flocculation, and flotation of a portion of the contaminants due to hydrogen evolution. Solvent extraction was also investigated in combination with the electrochemical process to improve the purity of the recovered copper. The results demonstrated that integrating these processes could provide an effective approach for copper recovery, reducing sludge production and chemical consumption, and controlling the pollutant load of acid mine drainage from copper mining operations.