The purpose of this study was to identify and prioritize the drivers for enhancing the education and promotion of environmental behaviors among employees of governmental organizations in the Islamic Republic of Iran, using a strategic foresight approach. Methodologically, the study was based on the analysis of the structural cross-impact matrix within a strategic foresight framework, and in terms of purpose, it was classified as developmental–applied research. The statistical population comprised 35 experts, including university professors and senior managers of governmental organizations in the Islamic Republic of Iran, selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through library research, structured interviews, and a qualitative scoring questionnaire (ranging from zero to three) in accordance with the structural cross-impact matrix, and were analyzed using MICMAC statistical software. The findings of this study showed that the drivers of combining training programs and courses with voluntary environmental activities and actions of employees, implementing and explaining environmental behaviors in human resource development programs, explaining and integrating environmental goals with organizational norms, values, and culture, and formulating and explaining clear strategies and policies to protect and improve the organizational environment are the most effective drivers of improving education and promoting environmental behaviors of employees of government organizations in the Republic of Iran. The results further revealed that identifying and prioritizing such drivers provides a foundation for designing targeted training programs with an environmental sustainability approach, thereby improving the performance of governmental organizations in resource management and reducing negative environmental impacts through the promotion of employees’ environmental behaviors.