This study analyzes and prioritizes urban livability indicators with an emphasis on social welfare, and proposes a comprehensive framework for evaluating urban quality of life. Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) model, 46 livability indicators across five main domains—security, health, economy, environment, and culture—were examined. The results show that urban security (0.073), public health and disease prevention (0.064), and access to religious sites (0.065) are among the most influential factors affecting social welfare. These indicators play a central role in meeting the basic needs of citizens and contribute to improving quality of life. In contrast, indicators such as waste management and recycling (0.006) and sustainable transportation policies (0.006) rank lower in priority but remain essential for long-term sustainable urban development. The findings also highlight implementation challenges related to improving high-priority indicators, including resource limitations, institutional misalignment, and insufficient public awareness. However, opportunities such as leveraging new technologies and encouraging private sector participation can help enhance livability indicators. In addition to confirming the close relationship between livability indicators and social welfare, this study provides practical tools for urban policy-making and sustainable development. Its findings assist urban policymakers in adopting a balanced approach that addresses both short-term needs and long-term goals, thereby promoting livability and social equity.