Journal of Urban Environmental Management

Abstract This research aims to identify the origin and hidden causes affecting the ‎occurrence of fires and accidents in the metropolis of Mashhad. The present ‎research is of a descriptive-analytical type that was conducted using the ‎exploratory factor analysis method. In this research, statistical data on ‎fires and accidents of the Mashhad Fire Department during the years 1395 to ‎‏1403 were used.‏
Data related to the causes and origin of fires were categorized into 25 ‎different components and data related to urban accidents were categorized into ‎‏21 components. The adequacy of the sample and the appropriateness of the ‏correlation matrix were confirmed in the fire section with KMO=0.888 and ‎Bartlett's test χ²(300)=2314.183, p<0.001, and in the urban accidents section ‎with KMO=0.816 and Bartlett's test χ²(210)=1000.476, p<0.001.
Exploratory ‎factor analysis identified five main factors for the fire category, which ‎together explain 70.75% of the variance. The main factors included heat from ‎electrical distribution network components and electrical problems with ‎electrical appliances (46.96%), carelessness and high-risk human behavior ‎‎(8.13%), ignition of flammable liquids and gases (5.97%), and high-risk daily ‎activities (5.07%).‎
In the urban accidents (rescue and rescue) category, five factors were ‎identified, accounting for a total of 74.14% of the variance. The main factors ‎included entrapment in confined spaces, elevators, and entrapment of body ‎parts (39.412%), structural hazards, building debris, and indirect falls ‎‎(14.658%), flooding incidents and water/wastewater infrastructure incidents ‎‎(8.838%), and urban gas incidents and respiratory poisoning (6.074%).‎

Abstract The current research deals with the issue of existing lack of safety and fire risk assessment in the ‎‎20th district of Tehran (Shahrari) in the area of Fadaiyan Islam Street. Qualitative risk assessment of ‎fire risk with the FRAGM fire risk rating method is in a range of this area. At first, the entire area is ‎divided into two parts, district 4 in the eastern part and district 2 in the western part of Fadaiyan ‎Islam Street, and then based on seven indicators including: type of construction materials, ‎availability of fire sources, fire extinguishing scenario, electrical wiring, Fire history, building ‎density and area accessibility are analyzed and scored. The eastern part is divided into 7 sub-parts ‎and the western part is divided into ten sub-parts. According to the findings of the research, the ‎overall average of the total indicators of the western 1st to the western 10th range is 45.2 with a high ‎evaluation degree, while the total evaluation of the indicators of the eastern 1st to the eastern 7th ‎range is 32.28, which is an upward average evaluation grade. has been The results indicate that the ‎greatest risk of risk is in the eastern part in terms of residential, Orkideh and Razi complex, and in ‎terms of industrial Ebrahimi and Kazemzadeh streets. In the western part of Varamin vegetable oil ‎factory and industrial production workshops in Shahid Ghaibi street, sub-Zohrevand street, the most ‎risks have been assigned to them. Monitoring and inspection of informal workshops and organizing ‎abandoned areas can prevent fire risk reduction.‎

Abstract Purpose of present study is to risk assessment of fire and accidents using JSA method in Tehran FireDepartment, which was conducted as a case study in 7th Fire Department.Present research method is applied and descriptive-analytical due to its use in the fire department and interviews with experts.Importance conducting this study is to risk assessment in reducing financial and human losses of firefighters during fires and accidents.Statistical population was 600 experts, 235 from each organizational position according toCochran formula,through a risk assessment worksheet.Sampling method was simple and the sampling size was calculated as 148 people through Krejci and Morgan table.Validity of the questionnaire was approved by 20 experts in the field of safety and firefighting with the CVR index in the form of a Likert spectrum, and its value was calculated as 0.42. Reliability of the questionnaire was calculated in a test with 20 subjects using SPSS20 software with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.82. Findings from the risk assessment worksheets showed that risk of work at the operation site is for firefighters (5%), for assistants (28.57%),assistant commanders (29.5%),and commanders (20%).The risk during deployment to missions and station affairs for firefighters (84%), assistant (61.43%), assistant commander (43.2%), and commander (70%).The risk obtained in station affairs was obtained for firefighters (11%),assistant (10%), assistant commander (27.3%), and commander (10%).Results showed that the main reasons for the occurrence of occupational hazards are the large volume of work, carelessness of personnel, type of job and nature of the work of employees, and psychological effects.

Abstract Due to the increasing importance of providing security services and measures to prevent and deal with fire incidents and crisis management in cities, fire stations are very important. Undoubtedly, the timely service of fire stations, more than anything else, along with the need to establish them in suitable places in urban environments, requires having the necessary capabilities and equipment to respond to the needs of citizens. Greater Tehran, with a population of more than eight million people, is the largest city in the country, due to the parallel expansion, and also the increase in population, has increased the grounds of fire in the city. The current research is important because its audience is all managers, and fire chiefs and it can be used to investigate management systems and accident command. The research method in this research is the hierarchical analysis process, where the indicators are compared and scored one by one, and the priority between them is determined. Based on the analysis conducted in this research, the operational forces stationed in the fire stations and operational vehicles are not proportional to the capacity of the region, and the firefighting equipment of these stations will not be sufficient for the region during the fires after the earthquake, and this is one of the negative points of the study area that during the earthquake Fire control is almost impossible and we will face a serious crisis.